Aim:
Background: Venous thrombosis is a major clinical concern, yet experimental models that closely replicate human thrombus formation are limited. Aims: This study aimed to establish a novel rabbit model using direct electrical stimulation to induce internal jugular vein injury and subsequent organ-specific thrombosis.

Material and methods:
Methods: Twenty-one male New Zealand White rabbits underwent jugular vein thrombosis induction via direct current (DC) electrical stimulation. D-Dimer assays confirmed thrombus formation. Histopathological analyses of the lungs, heart, and brain assessed thromboembolic changes. Thrombosis induction was tested at varying DC voltages and exposure durations: 6 V for 60 s, 12 V for 120 s, and 24 V for 180 s.

Results:
Results: In the lungs (6 V/60 s), thrombi exhibited characteristic lines of Zahn with dense platelet and fibrin deposition, alveolar wall destruction, emphysematous changes, and wedge-shaped hemorrhagic pulmonary infarctions. In the heart (12 V/120 s), thrombus formation was observed in coronary arteries, with interstitial hemorrhage and altered cardiac muscle fibers showing rounded and oval nuclei. In the brain (24 V/180 s), acute neuronal injury was evident, including shrunken eosinophilic “red neurons,” cerebral edema, liquefactive necrosis, small-vessel hemorrhage, and astrocyte proliferation. These findings indicate voltage- and duration-dependent induction of thromboembolism with organ-specific distribution.

Conclusions:
Conclusions: Direct DC electrical stimulation induces deep vein thrombosis in rabbits in a voltage- and duration-dependent manner. Lower voltage and shorter exposure primarily affect the lungs, moderate settings target the heart, and higher voltage with longer duration affect the brain. This model provides a controlled platform for studying organ-specific thromboembolism and evaluating therapeutic interventions.