Aim The aim: to present modern conceptual, methodological, technical, and regulatory advancements in the identification of persons missing or killed in hostilities and propose strategies for improvement. Material and methods Standard forensic methods can be used to identify individuals in forensic science. For example, medical and dental records of victims (forensic odontology), analysis of protrusions and swirls on human fingers (fingerprinting), identification of implant serial numbers. Results The Law does not ensure the transparent and independent work of forming the registry databases, which creates potential corruption risks, creates the possibility of information misuse, in particular, its transfer to other persons or bodies for another purpose. Monitoring the observance of human and citizen rights during the entry of data into the register is proposed to be entrusted to a separately created regulatory structure (body) for periodic or permanent inspections and consultations. The Law does not detail/clarify a number of issues: minimizing the risks of access to personal data of relatives of a missing person after establishing the death of this person by destroying genomic information; it is necessary to ensure and finalize procedures for monitoring compliance with the law in the work of the registry; develop a procedure for accessing the register by other authorities to prevent misuse of this data. Conclusions It is proposed to supplement Part 2 of Article 84 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine as a new source of evidence - "information from DNA databases".