Aim: Comprehensive analysis of the constitutional and legal content of the right to health care, determination of its structural elements, and formation of a scientifically grounded classification of powers that constitute this fundamental human right. Materials and Methods: The methodological basis of the study was the system-structural, comparative-legal, formal-logical methods and legal modeling. The empirical base consisted of 156 sources for the period 2000-2025: constitutional norms of Ukraine and foreign countries (15 documents), legislative acts in the field of health care (28 acts), international legal documents on human rights (12 conventions and declarations), scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers (101 publications). The search was carried out in the following databases: Google Scholar, ResearchGate, V.I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. Conclusions: The research established that the right to health care represents a complex legal formation with three structural components requiring not only normative consolidation but also effective implementation mechanisms under contemporary challenges.