Aim: To analyze the impact of nutrients and food components on a person’s psychological state and to justify the need to study nutrition among general medical students and future medical psychologists. Materials and Methods: Collection, critical, constructive analysis of scientific literature. Analysis of psychosomatic and somatopsychological disorders associated with nutrition. Conclusions: Nutrition is the cornerstone of health, harmonious physical and mental development of the individual. Therefore, doctors, including medical psychologistsmust must know the composition and the main therapeutic, dietary, and parapharmacological properties of food products and spices, and their impact on somatic health and the psychological status of patients. This knowledge is a prerequisite for a high professional level and the possibilities of alimentary prevention and parapharmacological, non-medication correction. The study of nutrition deepens knowledge of the basics of rational nutrition for a healthy person, lays the foundations of propaedeutics of dietetics and psychonutritionology, and takes into account modern scientific developments and achievements of medical science.