Possible role of the TGFB1 polymorphism rs1800470, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the progression of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus
1
Ophthalmology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
2
Pathophysiology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Ukraine
Submission date: 2025-01-27
Final revision date: 2025-06-23
Acceptance date: 2025-08-28
Publication date: 2025-10-30
Corresponding author
Wiadomości Lekarskie 2025;(10):2088-2094
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Aim:
To determine the significance of growth factors (TGF-β1 and CTGF) in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in carriers of different genotypes of the TGFB1 rs1800470 polymorphism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Material and methods:
A study examined 102 individuals with T2DM and DR, divided into three groups: non-proliferative DR (35), preproliferative DR (34), and proliferative DR (33), with 61 as controls. Standard ophthalmological exams and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were conducted. Alleles rs1800470 were determined using polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analyses were done using MedStat and MedCalc v.15.1.
Results:
Results showed rs1800470 A/A carriers had worse visual acuity and higher retinal thickness than G/G carriers. TGF-β1 and CTGF levels in DR patients were significantly higher than in controls, especially in G/A and A/A carriers. TGF-β1 levels were highest in proliferative DR, and CTGF levels increased in A/A carriers compared to G/A and G/G carriers.
Conclusions:
Thus, the content of both TGF-β1 and CTGF was higher in carriers of the G/A and A/A genotypes compared with the ancestral G/G genotype. Therefore, the clinically worse course of DR in carriers of the SNP rs1800470 of the TGFB1 gene could be associated with a higher concentration of TGF-β1 and CTGF in the IOF of such patients.
To determine the significance of growth factors (TGF-β1 and CTGF) in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in carriers of different genotypes of the TGFB1 rs1800470 polymorphism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Material and methods:
A study examined 102 individuals with T2DM and DR, divided into three groups: non-proliferative DR (35), preproliferative DR (34), and proliferative DR (33), with 61 as controls. Standard ophthalmological exams and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were conducted. Alleles rs1800470 were determined using polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analyses were done using MedStat and MedCalc v.15.1.
Results:
Results showed rs1800470 A/A carriers had worse visual acuity and higher retinal thickness than G/G carriers. TGF-β1 and CTGF levels in DR patients were significantly higher than in controls, especially in G/A and A/A carriers. TGF-β1 levels were highest in proliferative DR, and CTGF levels increased in A/A carriers compared to G/A and G/G carriers.
Conclusions:
Thus, the content of both TGF-β1 and CTGF was higher in carriers of the G/A and A/A genotypes compared with the ancestral G/G genotype. Therefore, the clinically worse course of DR in carriers of the SNP rs1800470 of the TGFB1 gene could be associated with a higher concentration of TGF-β1 and CTGF in the IOF of such patients.
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| eISSN: | 2719-342X |
| ISSN: | 0043-5147 |
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