Aim: To draw the medical community’s attention to and outline the main causes of the rapid increase in antibiotic resistance among microorganisms in modern war. Materials and Methods: Based on the microbiological examination of 2,288 samples from combat wounds, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens were found to predominate, particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which were resistant to most antibiotics. The microbial load in all wounded patients exceeded 105 CFU/g. Results: The main factors contributing to the development of wound infection are the nature of injuries caused by modern weapons and the characteristics of the wound tract, tissue ischemia, impairment of local and systemic anti-infective defenses, and delayed medical care. In addition to clinical signs, the diagnosis of wound infection requires microbiological identification of the causative pathogens, assessment of laboratory markers, and imaging methods. The leading role of surgical debridement in the treatment of infected wounds and the importance of appropriate antibiotic therapy guided by antimicrobial susceptibility are emphasized. The effectiveness of negative-pressure wound therapy and local antibiotic administration is reviewed. The biological, medical, and social causes of antibiotic resistance are identified, and promising alternative treatment approaches, including bacteriophages and probiotics, are outlined. Conclusion: The management of wound infection requires a comprehensive approach combining surgical methods, appropriate antibiotic therapy, and innovative technologies, which is essential for improving treatment outcomes in wounded patients